Rubik's Cube Solver: A Guide for Beginners
Have you ever wondered how to solve a Rubik's Cube, the colorful puzzle toy that has fascinated millions of people around the world? If so, you are not alone. The Rubik's Cube is one of the most popular and challenging puzzles of all time, with more than 350 million sold as of 2018. It has also inspired numerous artworks, films, competitions, and scientific research.
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Solving a Rubik's Cube can be very rewarding and satisfying, as it can improve your mental skills, such as memory, problem-solving, and brain-hand-eye coordination. It can also boost your confidence, creativity, and patience. However, solving a Rubik's Cube can also be very frustrating and daunting, as it requires a lot of practice, concentration, and logic. It is estimated that there are more than 43 quintillion possible combinations on a Rubik's Cube, but only one correct solution.
So, how can you solve a Rubik's Cube without losing your mind? In this article, we will show you two ways to do it: one using the beginner's method, which is a simple and easy-to-learn technique that involves seven steps; and another using online Rubik's Cube solvers, which are websites or apps that can calculate the solution for you in seconds. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding of how to solve a Rubik's Cube and enjoy this amazing puzzle.
How to solve a Rubik's Cube using the beginner's method
The beginner's method is one of the most common and widely used methods for solving a Rubik's Cube. It was developed by David Singmaster in the early 1980s and popularized by Jessica Fridrich in her website. The beginner's method is based on dividing the cube into layers and solving each layer one by one using a series of moves called algorithms. An algorithm is a sequence of letters that represents the rotations of each face of the cube: F (Front), R (Right), U (Up), L (Left), D (Down), B (Back). A letter by itself means a clockwise rotation of 90 degrees; a letter followed by an apostrophe means a counterclockwise rotation; and a letter followed by a number means multiple rotations.
The beginner's method consists of seven steps:
Solve the white cross
Solve the white corners
Solve the middle layer
Solve the yellow cross
Solve the yellow edges
Solve the yellow corners
Let's look at each step in more detail and see some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve a Rubik's Cube using the beginner's method.
Step 1: Solve the white cross
The first step is to solve the white cross, which means to place the four white edge pieces on the top face of the cube, forming a cross shape. The white edge pieces are the ones that have one white sticker and one colored sticker. You also need to make sure that the colored stickers match the center pieces of the adjacent faces. For example, if the white and green edge piece is on the top face, it should be between the white center and the green center.
To solve the white cross, you need to look for the white edge pieces on the bottom face or on the middle layer of the cube. If you find one on the bottom face, you can simply rotate it to align it with its matching center and then flip it up to the top face. If you find one on the middle layer, you can move it to the bottom face first and then repeat the previous step. You may need to move some of the already solved pieces out of the way temporarily, but make sure to put them back in place later.
Here are some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve the white cross:
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Rubik's Cube solver for blindfolded solving (Bld)
Rubik's Cube solver for one-handed solving (OH)
Rubik's Cube solver for feet solving (Feet)
Rubik's Cube solver for fewest moves solving (FMC)
Rubik's Cube solver for multiple blindfolded solving (MBld)
Rubik's Cube solver for speed solving (Speedcubing)
Rubik's Cube solver for average of 5 solving (Ao5)
Rubik's Cube solver for average of 12 solving (Ao12)
Scenario
Algorithm
The white edge piece is on the bottom face and aligned with its matching center.
F2
The white edge piece is on the bottom face and not aligned with its matching center.
D (or D') until it is aligned, then F2
The white edge piece is on the middle layer and facing you.
R' D' R D
The white edge piece is on the middle layer and facing right.
U R U' R'
The white edge piece is on the top face but not in the correct position.
U (or U') until it is above its matching center, then F2
The white edge piece is on the top face but flipped upside down.
R' D' R D (or U R U' R')
After completing this step, you should have a white cross on the top face of your cube, with each edge piece matching its adjacent center piece.
Step 2: Solve the white corners
The second step is to solve the white corners, which means to place the four white corner pieces on the top face of the cube, completing the first layer. The white corner pieces are the ones that have one white sticker and two colored stickers. You also need to make sure that the colored stickers match the center pieces of the adjacent faces. For example, if the white, green, and red corner piece is on the top face, it should be between the white, green, and red centers.
To solve the white corners, you need to look for them on the bottom face or on the middle layer of the cube. If you find one on the bottom face, you can simply rotate it to align it with its matching centers and then insert it to the top face using a simple algorithm. If you find one on the middle layer, you can move it to the bottom face first and then repeat the previous step. You may need to move some of the already solved pieces out of the way temporarily, but make sure to put them back in place later.
Here are some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve the white corners:
Scenario
Algorithm
The white corner piece is on the bottom face and aligned with its matching centers.
R' D' R D
The white corner piece is on the bottom face and not aligned with its matching centers.
D (or D') until it is aligned, then R' D' R D
The white corner piece is on the middle layer and facing you.
R' D' R D (or L D L' D')
The white corner piece is on the middle layer and facing right.
R' D2 R D2 (or U R U' R')
The white corner piece is on the top face but not in the correct position.
R' D' R D (or L D L' D') until it is on the bottom face, then repeat step 2
The white corner piece is on the top face but twisted clockwise.
R' D2 R D2 (or U R U' R') until it is on the bottom face, then repeat step 2
The white corner piece is on the top face but twisted counterclockwise.
R D R' D (or U' R' U R) until it is on the bottom face, then repeat step 2
After completing this step, you should have a complete white face on your cube, with each corner piece matching its adjacent center pieces.
Step 3: Solve the middle layer
The third step is to solve the middle layer, which means to place the four edge pieces that belong to the middle layer in their correct positions. The edge pieces that belong to the middle layer are the ones that have two colored stickers that are not white or yellow. You also need to make sure that the colored stickers match the center pieces of the adjacent faces. For example, if the green and red edge piece is in the middle layer, it should be between the green and red centers.
To solve the middle layer, you need to look for the edge pieces that belong to the middle layer on the top face of the cube. If you find one, you can insert it to its correct position using one of two algorithms, depending on whether it needs to go to the left or to the right. You may need to move some of the already solved pieces out of the way temporarily, but make sure to put them back in place later.
Here are some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve the middle layer:
Scenario
Algorithm
The edge piece that belongs to the middle layer is on the top face and needs to go to the left.
U' L' U L U F U' F'
The edge piece that belongs to the middle layer is on the top face and needs to go to the right.
U R U' R' U' F' U F
The edge piece that belongs to the middle layer is in the middle layer but not in the correct position.
U R U' R' U' F' U F (or U' L' U L U F U' F') until it is on the top face, then repeat step 3
The edge piece that belongs to the middle layer is in the middle layer but flipped upside down.
U R U' R' U' F' U F (or U' L' U L U F U' F') twice until it is on the top face, then repeat step 3
After completing this step, you should have two complete layers on your cube, with each edge piece matching its adjacent center pieces.
Step 4: Solve the yellow cross
The fourth step is to solve the yellow cross, which means to place the four yellow edge pieces on the bottom face of the cube, forming a cross shape. The yellow edge pieces are the ones that have one yellow sticker and one colored sticker. You do not need to worry about matching the colored stickers with the center pieces of the adjacent faces at this point, as you will do that in the next step.
To solve the yellow cross, you need to look at the bottom face of the cube and see how many yellow edge pieces are already in place. There are four possible scenarios: no yellow edge pieces, one yellow edge piece, two adjacent yellow edge pieces, or two opposite yellow edge pieces. Depending on which scenario you have, you need to apply one of two algorithms to form a yellow cross. You may need to rotate the bottom face or perform the algorithm more than once to achieve this.
Here are some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve the yellow cross:
Scenario
Algorithm
No yellow edge pieces or one yellow edge piece on the bottom face.
F R U R' U' F'
Two adjacent yellow edge pieces on the bottom face.
F R U R' U' F'
Two opposite yellow edge pieces on the bottom face.
F R U R' U' F' U F R U R' U' F'
After completing this step, you should have a yellow cross on the bottom face of your cube, but not necessarily with each edge piece matching its adjacent center piece.
Step 5: Solve the yellow edges
The fifth step is to solve the yellow edges, which means to rotate the four yellow edge pieces on the bottom face of the cube so that they match their adjacent center pieces. For example, if the yellow and green edge piece is on the bottom face, it should be between the yellow center and the green center.
To solve the yellow edges, you need to look at the bottom face of the cube and see how many yellow edge pieces are already in their correct positions. There are three possible scenarios: none, one, or all. Depending on which scenario you have, you need to apply one of two algorithms to permute the yellow edge pieces. You may need to rotate the bottom face or perform the algorithm more than once to achieve this.
Here are some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve the yellow edges:
Scenario
Algorithm
None or one yellow edge piece in its correct position on the bottom face.
R U R' U R U2 R' U
All yellow edge pieces in their correct positions on the bottom face.
No algorithm needed
After completing this step, you should have a complete yellow face on your cube, with each edge piece matching its adjacent center piece.
Step 6: Solve the yellow corners
The sixth step is to solve the yellow corners, which means to place the four yellow corner pieces on the bottom face of the cube in their correct positions. The yellow corner pieces are the ones that have one yellow sticker and two colored stickers. You do not need to worry about orienting the yellow corner pieces at this point, as you will do that in the next step.
To solve the yellow corners, you need to look at the bottom face of the cube and see how many yellow corner pieces are already in their correct positions. There are four possible scenarios: none, one, two, or four. Depending on which scenario you have, you need to apply one of two algorithms to permute the yellow corner pieces. You may need to rotate the bottom face or perform the algorithm more than once to achieve this.
Here are some examples of algorithms that you can use to solve the yellow corners:
Scenario
Algorithm
None or one yellow corner piece in its correct position on the bottom face.
R' F R' B2 R F' R' B2 R2
Two adjacent yellow corner pieces in their correct positions on the bottom face.
R' F R' B2 R F' R' B2 R2
Two opposite yellow corner pieces in their correct positions on the bottom face.
R' F R' B2 R F' R' B2 R2 U2 (or U')
All yellow corner pieces in their correct positions on the bottom face.
No algorithm needed
After completing this step, you should have all four yellow corner pieces on the bottom face of your cube, but not necessarily oriented correctly.
Step 7: Orient the yellow corners
The seventh and final step is to orient the yellow corners, which means to rotate the four yellow corner pieces on the bottom face of the cube so that they have their yellow stickers facing up. This will complete your Rubik's Cube and make it look like a solid color on each face.
To orient the yellow corners, you need to look at the bottom face of the cube and see how many yellow corner pieces are already oriented correctly. There are three possible scenarios: none, one, or four. Depending on which scenario you have, you need to apply one algorithm to orient the yellow corner pieces. You may need to rotate the bottom face or perform the algorithm more than once to achieve this.
Here is an example of an algorithm that you can use to orient the yellow corners:
Scenario
Algorithm
None, one, or four yellow corner pieces oriented correctly on the bottom face.
R U R' U R U2 R'
After completing this step, you should have a solved Rubik's Cube with six solid colors on each face. Congratulations!
How to use online Rubik's Cube solvers
If you find solving a Rubik's Cube using the beginner's method too difficult or time-consuming, you can also use online Rubik's Cube solvers to help you out. Online Rubik's Cube solvers are websites or apps that can calculate the solution for any scrambled Rubik's Cube in a few steps. They usually require you to input the colors of your cube using a virtual interface or a camera, and then they generate a set of instructions for you to follow. Some of them also provide animations, timers, and statistics to help you visualize and improve your performance.
There are many online Rubik's Cube solvers available on the internet, but here are some examples of the most popular and reliable ones:
: This website allows you to solve a standard 3x3x3 Rubik's Cube using a 3D simulator. You can also choose different sizes and shapes of cubes, such as 2x2, 4x4, Pyraminx, and more. You can use the color picker, the keyboard, or the mouse to input the colors of your cube, and then click the Solve button to get the solution. The website uses the Kociemba algorithm to find the optimal solution in 20 steps or less. You can also adjust the speed and quality of the animation, and see the statistics of your moves and time.
: This website offers a comprehensive package of features for Rubik's Cube enthusiasts. You can use the simulator to play with the cube online, or use the solver to get the solution in 20 steps or less. You can also learn how to solve the cube using the beginner's method with a detailed tutorial and examples. Moreover, you can use the timer to measure your speed and accuracy, and compare your results with other users.
: This website claims to be the best online Rubik's Cube solver, used by millions around the world. You can input the colors of your cube using a simple interface, or use your camera to scan your cube automatically. Then, you can click the Solve button to get the solution in a few seconds. The website uses a proprietary algorithm that guarantees to find the shortest solution possible. You can also see the steps in an animated 3D model, or print them out as a PDF file.
Using online Rubik's Cube solvers can be very convenient and helpful, especially if you are stuck or want to check your solution. However, they also have some drawbacks, such as:
They can take away the fun and challenge of solving the cube by yourself.
They can make you dependent on them and prevent you from learning and improving your own skills.
They can be inaccurate or unreliable sometimes, depending on the quality of the algorithm and the interface.
Therefore, we recommend that you use online Rubik's Cube solvers sparingly and wisely, and only as a last resort or a learning tool. The best way to enjoy and master the Rubik's Cube is to practice it regularly and try different methods and techniques.
Conclusion
In this article, we have shown you two ways to solve a Rubik's Cube: one using the beginner's method, which is a simple and easy-to-learn technique that involves seven steps; and another using online Rubik's Cube solvers, which are websites or apps that can calculate the solution for you in seconds. We have also explained how to use HTML formatting to make your article more attractive and readable.
We hope that this article has helped you understand how to solve a Rubik's Cube and enjoy this amazing puzzle. Solving a Rubik's Cube can be very rewarding and satisfying, as it can improve your mental skills, such as memory, problem-solving, and brain-hand-eye coordination. It can also boost your confidence, creativity, and patience.
If you want to learn more about solving a Rubik's Cube, here are some tips and resources that you can use:
Watch online videos and tutorials that demonstrate how to solve a Rubik's Cube using different methods and tricks.
Read online articles and books that explain the history, science, and art of solving a Rubik's Cube.
Join online forums and communities that discuss and share tips and experiences about solving a Rubik's Cube.
Participate in online or offline competitions and events that challenge and reward solving a Rubik's Cube.
We invite you to share your feedback and questions about this article in the comments section below. We would love to hear from you!
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about solving a. Rubik's Cube:
How many moves does it take to solve a Rubik's Cube?
The answer to this question depends on the method and the algorithm that you use to solve the cube. However, it has been proven mathematically that any scrambled Rubik's Cube can be solved in 20 moves or less, regardless of the initial configuration. This is known as God's number, and it was discovered in 2010 by a team of researchers using a supercomputer. The average number of moves required to solve a Rubik's Cube using the beginner's method is about 85, while the average number of moves required to solve a Rubik's Cube using the advanced methods is about 50.
How many possible combinations are there on a Rubik's Cube?
The answer to this question is a very large number: 43,252,003,274,489,856,000. This is the number of different ways that you can arrange the 54 stickers on the cube, or the number of different states that the cube can have. To put this number in perspective, if you had one Rubik's Cube for each possible combination and stacked them on top of each other, they would reach about 261 light-years high. Or, if you had one Rubik's Cube for each possible combination and laid them out on the ground, they would cover the Earth's surface about 275 times.
Who invented the Rubik's Cube and when?
The Rubik's Cube was invented by Ernő Rubik, a Hungarian architect and professor of design, in 1974. He originally created the cube as a teaching tool to help his students understand three-dimensional geometry and spatial relations. He did not realize that he had created a puzzle until he scrambled it and tried to restore it. He applied for a patent for his invention in 1975 and named it the Magic Cube. In 1980, the cube was licensed to Ideal Toy Corp. and renamed the Rubik's Cube. It became an international sensation and a cultural icon of the 1980s.
What is the world record for solving a Rubik's Cube?
The answer to this question depends on the category and the format of the competition. There are many official categories for solving a Rubik's Cube, such as speed, blindfolded, one-handed, fewest moves, and more. There are also different formats for competing, such as single solve, average of five solves, or mean of three solves. According to the World Cube Association, which is the governing body for Rubik's Cube competitions, the current world record for solving a standard 3x3x3 Rubik's Cube in a single solve is 3.47 seconds, set by Yusheng Du from China in 2018. The current world record for solving a standard 3x3x3 Rubik's Cube in an average of five solves is 5.53 seconds, set by Feliks Zemdegs from Australia in 2019.
How can I improve my speed and accuracy in solving a Rubik's Cube?
The answer to this question depends on your level of skill and experience in solving a Rubik's Cube. However, some general tips that can help you improve your speed and accuracy are:
Practice regularly and consistently. The more you practice, the more familiar you will become with the cube and its movements.
Learn different methods and algorithms. The more methods and algorithms you know, the more options you will have to solve the cube faster and easier.
Use a good quality cube. The quality of your cube can affect your performance significantly. A good quality cube should be smooth, stable, and adjustable to your preference.
Use a timer and a scrambler. A timer can help you measure your progress and set your goals. A scrambler can help you generate random states for your cube and avoid repeating patterns.
Watch and learn from other cubers. You can watch online videos and tutorials that demonstrate how other cubers solve the cube using different methods and tricks. You can also join online or offline communities that discuss and share tips and experiences about solving the cube.
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